Harnessing the survival powers of cancer cells could wipe out heart disease

The same genes that allow many cancers to proliferate and thrive could in the future be repurposed as a force for good. A study at the San Diego State University (SDSU) Heart Institute has found that mouse hearts regenerate cells better, causing the mice to live longer, when their progenitor cells are modified to over-express a key gene in cancer production. The researchers believe this could lead to a new treatment for people with heart disease or who have suffered from other age-related cardiac problems.

The human heart normally heals and repairs itself using cardiac progenitor cells, which are basically cells that transform themselves into whatever specific type of heart cell is required. But as we get older, the process becomes less efficient. The body's self-therapy treatment weakens or stops entirely. This can lead to heart disease or cause complications in the recovery of people who have suffered heart failure.

The SDSU researchers think they can change this, however. The key is an enzyme called Pim, which is instrumental in the growth and proliferation of certain types of cancer cells but also in the division of healthy cells. Pim is encoded by a gene called PIM1, which has been found to have no negative impact (i.e., it doesn't cause cancer) unless paired with another gene called Myc. Heart progenitor cells have nothing to do with Myc, so the researchers decided to modify them to over-express PIM1.

Their rodent trial was a huge success, with mouse progenitor cells given the PIM1 over-expression treatment in the nucleus dividing more prolifically.