Nanozyme hydrogel: A breakthrough solution for Candida vaginitis treatment

A team of researchers from Nanjing University has developed a probiotic nanozyme hydrogel to regulate the vaginal microenvironment for Candida vaginitis therapy. Candida vaginitis, a common fungal infection that affects about 75% of women worldwide, is known for its high recurrence rates and negative impact on women's health.

The vaginal microbiota, particularly the presence of beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus, plays a crucial role in maintaining vaginal health and preventing infections. Current antifungal drugs used for Candida vaginitis treatment have limitations and can cause damage to normal cells and tissues, leading to further complications.

To address these challenges, the researchers explored the use of Lactobacillus-based probiotic therapy combined with nanozymes. They developed a responsive hydrogel containing hyaluronic acid (HA), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) loaded with FeS2 nanozymes, and Lactobacillus.

When applied to the vagina, the hydrogel releases Lactobacillus and nanozymes in response to the presence of hyaluronidase secreted by Candida albicans. Lactobacillus helps normalize the vaginal microenvironment by producing lactic acid, while the nanozymes catalyze the conversion of mild hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH), effectively killing C. albicans.

Image source: Wei et al. (2023), Science Advances.